BIBLIOGRAPHY ON VOLTAGE STABILITY

BIBLIOGRAPHY ON VOLTAGE STABILITY

Prepared by
V. Ajjarapu and B. Lee
(Iowa State University)
for Voltage Stability and Long-Term Stability Working Group
System Dynamic Performance Subcommittee
Power Engineering Society

Abstract: This paper provides a comprehensive list of books, reports, workshops and technical papers related to voltage stability and security.

Introduction: During the past fifteen years, there has been a continually increasing interest and investigation into voltage instability and collapse. As this interest has grown, the literature has also grown. The first paper related to voltage instability was appeared in ref [276]. Venikov [275] proposed the first criteria for detecting the point of voltage collapse. Even though voltage instability is known for long time, active work involving voltage stability started in 80's. The references are divided into five groups. First, three groups contain the information on books [3--5], reports [6--23]and workshops [24--28] related to voltage stability. Group four lists in chronological order the papers [29--273] directly related to voltage stability. Group five contains papers [274--283] that describe power system failures related to voltage problems. Group six contains papers [284--305] that are related to voltage security.

Group 1: Books
Group 2: Reports
Group 3: Workshop proceedings
Group 4: Papers related to voltage stability
Group 5: Papers describing power system failures related to voltage problems
Group 6: Papers related to voltage security

References

Group 1: Books
[1] C. W. Taylor, Power System Voltage Stability. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1994.

[2] P.Kundur, Power System Stability and Control. Sections 2.12, 11.2 and Chapter 14.
New York: McGraw-Hill, 1994.

[3] T.J.E Miller, editor, Reactive Power Control in Electric Systems. New York: John Wiley & Sons, 1982

Group 2: Reports
[4] University of Wisconsin-Madison, ``Energy-Based Dynamic Security Assessment Tools for Maintaining Voltage Stability'', Final Report EPRI TR-105796, Research Project RP3103-04, November 1995.

[5] B. C. Hydro, Assessment of Voltage Security Methods and Tools , Final Report, EPRI TR-105214, Research Project 3578-1, Final Report, May 1995.

[6] CIGRE Task Force 38.02.11, Indices Predicating Voltage Collapse Including Dynamic Phenomena, Final Report, July 1994.

[7] CIGRE Task Force 38.02.12, Criteria and Counter Measure for Voltage Collapse, Preprint, April 1994.

[8] ``Special issue on voltage stability,'' Electric Power and Energy Systems, vol 15, no. 4, 1993.

[9] CIGRE TF 38.05.040, Analysis and Optimization of SVC Use in Transmission Systems, CIGRE Brochure No. 77, 1993.

[10] CIGRE TF 38.05.05, Use of DC Converters for VAR Control, CIGRE Brochure No. 82, 1993.

[11] IEEE Power System Relaying Committee Working Group K12, System Protection and Voltage Stability, IEEE publication No. 93, THO 596-7 PWR.

[12] IEEE Working Group on Voltage Stability, Suggested Techniques for Voltage Stability Analysis, 1993.

[13] Ontario Hydro, Voltage Stability/Security Assessment and On-line Control, Final Report, EPRI TR-101931, Research Project 3040-1, Final Report, April 1993.

[14] CIGRE Task Force 38.02.10, Modeling of Voltage Collapse Including Dynamic Phenomena, Summary in Electra, No.147, April 1993.

[15] NERC Interconnection Dynamics Task Force, Survey of the Voltage Collapse Phenomena, 1991, North American Reliability Council, 1991.

[16] Howard University, ``A Knowledge-Based Support System for Voltage Collapse Detection and Prevention'', EPRI Final Report EL-7168, Research Project RP2473-36, February 1991.

[17] IEEE Working Group on Voltage Stability, Voltage Stability of Power Systems: Concepts, Analytical Tools, and Industry Experience, 1990.

[18] Drexel University, ``Performance Indexes for Predicting Voltage Collapse'', Final Report EPRI EL-6461, Research Project RP1999-10, July 1989.

[19] Michigan State University, ``Voltage Stability and Security Assessment'', EPRI Final Report EL-5967, Research Project RP1999-08, August 1988.

[20] CIGRE Report, Planning Against Voltage Collapse, Electra No. 111. pp. 55--75, March 1987.

[21] NERC, Review of Selected Major Bulk Power System Disturbances in North America, 1982.

Group 3: Workshop proceedings
[22] L.H. Fink, ed., Proc. of Bulk Power System Voltage Phenomena-III, Voltage Stability and Security, (Davos, Switzerland), ECC/NSF Workshop, Aug. 1994.

[23] IEEE/NTUA, Joint International Power Conference Athens Power Tech, Session IS-7: Voltage Security and Stability, Session APT 9: Analysis of Voltage Collapse, (Athens, Greece), Sep. 5--8 1993.

[24] EPRI/NERC, Forum on Voltage Stability, Sept. 14--15 1992. Breckenridge, CO. U.S.A.

[25] L.H. Fink, ed., Proc. of Bulk Power System Voltage Phenomena-II, Voltage Stability and Security, (Deep Creek Lake, MD), ECC/NSF Workshop, ECC Inc., 1991.

[26] L.H. Fink, ed., Proc. of Bulk Power System Voltage Phenomena-I, Voltage Stability and Security, (Potosi, MO), ECC/NSF/EPRI Workshop, EPRI EL-6183, 1989.

Group 4: Papers related to voltage stability
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[32] H-D Chiang, C-S Wang and A. J. Flueck, ``Look-ahead voltage and load margin contingency selection functions for large-scale power systems'', IEEE PES Winter Power Meeting, 96 WM 208-9-PWRS.

[33] S. Greene, I. Dobson and F. L. Alvarado, ``Sensitivity of the loading margin to voltage collapse with respect to arbitrary parameters'', IEEE PES Winter Power Meeting, 96 WM 278-2-PWRS.

[34] T. Nagao, K. Tanaka and K. Takenaka, ``Development of static and simulation programs for voltage stability studies of bulk power system'', IEEE PES Winter Power Meeting, 96 WM 279-0-PWRS.

[35] T. Van Cutsem and R. Mailhot, ``Validation of a fast voltage stability analysis method on the Hydro Quebec system'', IEEE PES Winter Power Meeting, 96 WM 280-8-PWRS.

[36] C. A. Nucci, A. Borghetti, R. Caldon and A. Mari, ``On dynamic load models for voltage stability studies'', IEEE PES Winter Power Meeting, 96 WM 281-6-PWRS.

[37] R. J. O'keefe, R. P. Schulz, and N. B. Bhat, ``Improved representation of generator and load dynamics in the study of voltage limited power system operations'', IEEE PES Winter Power Meeting, 96 WM 282-4-PWRS.

[38] M. Parniani and M. R. Iravani, ``Voltage control stability and dynamic interaction phenomena of static VAR compensators,'' IEEE PES Winter Power Meeting, Paper 95 WM 180-0 PWRS, 1995.

[39] N. W. Miller, F. H. Chiang, P. S. Khedkar, D. J. Leonard, K. Yabe, K. Yoshida and J. Koda, ``Conceptual designs of AI-based systems for local prediction of voltage collapse,'' IEEE PES Winter Power Meeting, Paper 95 WM 181-8 PWRS,
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[40] T. Van Cutsem and C. D. Vournas, ``Voltage stability analysis in transient and midterm time scales,'' IEEE PES Winter Power Meeting, Paper 95 WM 182-6 PWRS, 1995.

[41] J. Barquin, T. Gomez and F. Luis Pagola, ``Estimating the loading limit margin taking into account voltage collapse areas,'' IEEE PES Winter Power Meeting, Paper 95 WM 183-4 PWRS, 1995.

[42] B.Lee and V.Ajjarapu, ``A piecewise global small-disturbance voltage stability analysis of structure preserving power system models,'' IEEE PES Winter Power Meeting, Paper 95 WM 184-2 PWRS, 1995.

[43] I.Kurihara, K.Takahashi, and B.Kermanshahi, ``A new method of evaluating system margin under various system constraints,'' in IEEE PES Winter Power Meeting, 1995. Paper 95 WM 161-0 PWRS.

[44] A.A. El-Keib and X.Ma, ``Application of artificial neural networks in voltage stability assessment,'' in IEEE PES Winter Power Meeting, 1995. Paper 95 WM 156-0 PWRS

[45] T.T. Lie, ``Method of identifying the strategic placement for compensation devices,'' in IEEE PES Winter Power Meeting, 1995. Paper 95 WM 135-4 PWRS

[46] T.J. Overbye and R.P. Klump, ``Effective calculation of power system low-voltage solutions,'' in IEEE PES Winter Power Meeting, 1995. Paper 95 WM 139-6 PWRS

[47] L. Wang and A. A. Girgis, ``On-line detector of power system small disturbance voltage instability'', IEEE PES Summer Power Meeting, Paper 95 SM 525-6 PWRS.

[48] A. Berizzi, P. Bresesti, P. Marannino, G.P. Granelli and M. Montagna, ``System-area operating margin assessment and security enhancement against voltage collapse'', IEEE PES Summer Power Meeting, Paper 95 SM 584-3 PWRS.

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[51] A. J. Flueck, H. Chiang and K. S. Shah, ``Investigating the installed real power transfer of a large scale power system under a proposed multi-area interchange schedule using CPFLOW'', IEEE PES Summer Power Meeting, Paper 95 SM 550-
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[53] C. A. Canizares, A. C. Z. de Souza and V. H. Quintana, ``Comparison of performance indices for detection of proximity to voltage collapse'', IEEE PES Summer Power Meeting, Paper 95 SM 583-5 PWRS.

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[57] S. Granville, J. C. O. Mello and A. C. G. Melo, ``Application of interior point methods to power flow unsolvability'', IEEE PES Summer Power Meeting, Paper 95 SM 599-1 PWRS.

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[86] C. W. Taylor, G. L. Comegys, F. R. Nassief, D. M. Elwood and P. Kundur, ``Simulation and implementation of undervoltage load shedding for Pacific Northwest voltage stability'', CIGRE, paper 38-103, 1994.

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[99] W.R. Lachs and D.Sutanto, ``Different types of voltage instability,'' IEEE Trans. on Power Systems, vol.9, pp.1126--1134, May 1994.

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[145] G.B. Jasmon and L.H. C.C. Lee, ``New contingency ranking technique incorporating a voltage stability criterion,'' IEEE Proceedings of Part C., vol.140, pp.87--90, March 1993.

[146] K.R. Padiyar and V.K. Raman, ``Study of voltage collapse at converter bus in asynchronous MTDC-AC systems,'' International Journal of Electrical Power and Energy Systems, vol.15, pp.i45--53, Feb. 1993.

[147] P-A. Lof, G.Anderson, and D.J. Hill, ``Voltage stability indices for stressed power systems,'' IEEE Trans. on Power Systems, vol.8, pp.326--335, Feb. 1993.

[148] B.H. Lee and K.Y. Lee, ``Dynamic and static voltage stability enhancement of power systems,'' IEEE Trans. on Power Systems, vol.8, pp.231--238, Feb. 1993.

[149] C.A. Canizares and F.L. Alvarado, ``Point of collapse and continuation methods for large AC/DC systems,'' IEEE Trans. on Power Systems, vol.8, pp.1--8, Feb. 1993.

[150] T.Lie, R.A. Schlueter, and P.A. Rusche, ``Method of identifying weak transmission network stability boundaries,'' IEEE Trans. on Power Systems, vol.8, pp.293--301, Feb. 1993.

[151] J.D. Mc Calley, J.F. Dorsey, J.F. Luini, R.P. Mackin, and G.H. Molina, ``Subtransmission reduction for voltage instability analysis,'' IEEE Trans. on Power Systems, vol.8, pp.349--356, Feb. 1993.

[152] D.J. Hill, ``Nonlinear dynamic load models with recovery for voltage stability studies,'' IEEE Trans. on Power Systems, vol.8, pp.166--176, Feb. 1993.

[153] A.Kurita, H.Okubo, D.B. Klapper, N.W. Miller, W.W. Price, K.Oki, S.Agematsu, J.J. Sanchez-Gasca, K.A. Wirgau, and T.D. Younkins, ``Multiple time-scale power system dynamic simulation,'' IEEE Trans. on Power Systems, vol.8, pp.216--
223, Feb. 1993.

[154] L.Vargas and V.H. Quintana, ``Clustering techniques for voltage collapse detection,'' Electric Power Systems Research, vol.26, pp. 53--59, Jan. 1993.

[155] M.Brucoli, M.{La Scala, R.Sbrizzai, and M.Trovato, ``Voltage stability analysis of electric power systems with frequency dependent loads,'' IEEE Proceedings of Part C., vol.140, pp.1--6, Jan. 1993.

[156] W. W. Price, D. B. Klapper, N. W. Miller, A. Kurita and H. Okubo, ``A multi-faceted approach to power system voltage stability analysis'', CIGRE, paper 38-205, 1992.

[157] D. Karlsson, K. Linden, I. Segerqvist and B. Stenborg, ``Temporary load-voltage characteristics for voltage stability studies-field and laboratory measurements'', CIGRE, paper 38-204, 1992.

[158] O. B. Fosso, N. Flatabo, T. Carlsen. O. Gjerde, and M. Jostad, ``Margins to voltage instability calculated for normal and outage conditions'', CIGRE, paper 38-209, 1992.

[159] Y.Sekine, K. Takahashi, Y. Ichida, Y. Ohura, and N. Tsuchimori, ''Method of analysis and assessment on power system voltage phenomena, and improvements including control strategies for greater voltage stability margins'', CIGRE, paper 38-206, 1992.

[160] C.O. Nwankpa and S.M. Shahidehpour, ``Decisions for the prevention of a voltage collapse in electric power systems,'' Information and Decision Technology, vol.18, no.1, pp.1--31, 1992.

[161] Y.Tada, A.Yokoyama, and Y.Sekine, ``Influence of AC-DC parallel interconnection on voltage stability of AC systems,'' Electrical Engineering in Japan, vol.112, no.4, pp.74--84, 1992.

[162] V. Venkatasubramanian, H.Schattler, and J.Zaborszky, ``Voltage dynamics: Study of a generator with voltage control, transmission, and matched MW load,'' IEEE Trans. on Automatic Control, vol.37, pp.1717--1733, Nov. 1992.

[163] B.Gao, G.K. Morison, and P.Kundur, ``Voltage stability evaluation using modal analysis,'' IEEE Trans. on Power Systems, vol.7, pp.1529--1542, Nov. 1992.

[164] I.Dobson and L.Lu, ``Computing an optimum direction in control space to avoid saddle node bifurcation and voltage collapse in electric power systems,'' IEEE Trans. on Automatic Control, vol.37, pp.1616--1620, Oct. 1992.

[165] P. K. Dash, A. K. Panigrahi, A. M. Sharaf, and E. F. Hill, ``Analysis of voltage instability problems in two- and multiterminal HVDC systems connected to weak AC systems'', Electric Power Systems Research, vol.25, no. 1, pp. 1-7, Oct. 1992.

[166] C. Concordia, ``Voltage stability simplified'', Electrical Power and Energy Systems, vol. 14, no. 5, pp. 364-365, Oct. 1992.

[167] M.H. Haque, ``Maximum power transfer capability within the voltage stability limit of series and shunt compensation schemes for AC transmission systems,'' Electric Power Systems Research, vol.24, pp.22 7--2335, Sep. 1992.

[168] I. Dobson and L. Lu, ``Voltage collapse precipitated by the immediate change in stability when generator reactive power limits are encountered'', IEEE Trans. on Circuits and Systems, Part 1, vol. 39, no. 9, pp. 762-766, Sep. 1992.

[169] F.D. Galiana and Z.C. Zeng, ``Analysis of the load flow behavior near a Jacobian singularity,'' IEEE Trans. on Power Systems, vol.7, pp.1362--1369, Aug. 1992.

[170] I.Hiskens and C.B. Mc Lean, ``SVC behavior under voltage collapse conditions,'' IEEE Trans. on Power Systems, vol.7, pp.1078--1087, Aug. 1992.

[171] Y.Kataoka, ``An approach for the regularization of a power flow solution around the maximum loading point,'' IEEE Trans. on Power Systems, vol.7, pp.1068--1077, Aug. 1992.

[172] A. M. Chebbo, M. R. Irving, and M. J. H. Sterling, ``Voltage collapse proximity indicator: behavior and implications'', IEEE Proceedings of Part C., Generations, Transmission, and Distribution, vol.139, pp.241-52, May 1992.

[173] A. M. Chebbo, M. R. Irving, and M.J. H. Sterling, ``Reactive power dispatch incorporating voltage stability'', IEEE Proceedings, Part C, Generation, Transmission, and Distribution, vol. 139, pp. 253-60, May 1992.

[174] I.Dobson, H.Glavitsch, C.C. Liu, Y.Tamura, and K.Vu, ``Voltage collapse in power systems,'' IEEE Circuits and Devices Magazine, vol.8, pp.40--45, May 1992.

[175] W.R. Lachs and D.Sutanto, ``Voltage instability in interconnected power systems: A simulation approach,'' IEEE Trans. on Power Systems, vol.7, pp.753--761, May 1992.

[176] N.Yorino, H.Sasaki, Y.Masuda, Y.Tamura, M.Kitagawa, and A.Oshimo, ``An investigation of voltage instability problems,'' IEEE Trans. on Power Systems, vol.7, pp.600--611, May 1992.

[177] C. A. Canizares, F. L. Alvarado, C. L. Demarco, I. Dobson and W. F. Long, ``Point of collapse methods applied to AC/DC power systems'', IEEE Trans. on Power Systems, vol. 7, no. 2, pp. 673-683, May 1992.

[178] C.W. Taylor, ``Concepts of undervoltage load shedding for voltage stability,'' IEEE Trans. on Power Delivery, vol.7, pp.480--488, April 1992.

[179] K.T. Vu and C.C. Liu, ``Shrinking stability regions and voltage collapse in power systems,'' IEEE Trans. on Circuits and Systems I: Fundamental Theory and Applications, vol.39, pp.271--289, April 1992.

[180] I. Dobson, ``Observations on the geometry of saddle node bifurcation and voltage collapse in electric power systems'', IEEE Trans. on Circuits and Systems, part 1, vol. 39, no. 3, pp. 240-43, Mar. 1992.

[181] V.Ajjarapu and C. Christy, ``The continuation power flow: A tool for steady state voltage stability analysis,'' IEEE Trans. on Power Systems, vol.7, pp.416--423, Feb. 1992.

[182] B. Avramovic and L. H. Fink, ``Real-time reactive security monitoring'', IEEE Trans. on Power Systems, vol. 7, pp. 432-7, Feb. 1992.

[183] V. Ajjarapu and B. Lee, ``The Application of Bifurcation Theory to Study The Nonlinear Dynamical Phenomena in An Electrical Power System,'' IEEE Trans. on Power Systems, vol.7, pp.424--432, Feb. 1992.

[184] M.K. Pal, ``Voltage stability conditions considering load characteristics,'' IEEE Trans. on Power Systems, vol.7, pp.243--249, Feb. 1992.

[185] M.M. Begovic and A.G. Phadke, ``Control of voltage stability using sensitivity analysis,'' IEEE Trans. on Power Systems, vol.7, pp.114--123, Feb. 1992.

[186] P-A. Lof, T.Smed, G.Anderson, and D.J. Hill, ``Fast calculation of a voltage stability index,'' IEEE Trans. on Power Systems, vol.7, pp.54--64, Feb. 1992.

[187] V.Ajjarapu, ``Identification of steady-state voltage stability in power systems,'' International Journal of Energy Systems, vol.11, no.1, pp.43--46, 1991.

[188] M.Suzuki and K.Masegi, ``Direct calculation of voltage stability limit of electric power systems,'' Electrical Engineering in Japan, vol.111, no.7, pp.40--49, 1991.

[189] T.Michigami, N.Onizuka, and S.Kitamura, ``Development of advanced generator excitation control regulator (PSVR) for improving voltage stability of a bulk power transmission system,'' Electrical Engineering in Japan, vol.111, no.5, pp.83--96, 1991.

[190] T.Kumano, H.Mumano, A.Yokoyama, and Y.Sekine, ``Detection of closest critical point and suboptimal preventive control of voltage stability,'' Electrical Engineering in Japan, vol.111, no.3, pp.89--98, 1991.

[191] T.J. Overbye and C.L. De{Marco, ``Improved techniques for power system voltage stability assessment using energy methods,'' IEEE Trans. on Power Systems, vol.6, pp.1446--1452, Nov. 1991.

[192] G. B. Jasmon and L.H.C.C Lee, ``Stability of load flow techniques for distribution systems voltage stability analysis'', IEEE Proceedings, Part C, Generation, Transmission, and Distribution, vol. 138, pp. 479-84, Nov. 1991.

[193] J. A. M. Sharaf and G. J. Berg, ``Probabilistic voltage stability indexes'', IEEE Proceedings, Part C, Generation, Transmission, and Distribution, vol. 138, pp. 499-504, Nov. 1991.

[194] T.J. Overbye and C.L. De{Marco, ``Voltage security enhancement using energy based sensitivities,'' IEEE Trans. on Power Systems, vol.6, pp.1196--1202, Aug. 1991.

[195] B.H. Lee and K.Y. Lee, ``A study on voltage collapse mechanism in electric power systems,'' IEEE Trans. on Power Systems, vol.6, pp.966--974, Aug. 1991.

[196] F. L. Alvarado, Y. Hu, D. Ray, R. Stevenson and E. Cashman, ``Engineering foundations for the determination of security costs'', IEEE Trans. on Power Systems, vol. 6, pp. 1175-82, Aug. 1991.

[197] G.B. Jasmon, L.H. Callistus, and C.Lee, ``Maximizing voltage stability in distribution networks via loss minimization,'' Electrical Power and Energy Systems, vol.13, pp.148--152, June 1991.

[198] K.Iba, H.Sasaki, M.Egawa, and T.Watanabe, ``Calculation of critical loading condition with nose curve using homotopy continuation method,'' IEEE Trans. on Power Systems, vol.6, pp.548--593, May 1991.

[199] M.Z. El-Sadek, ``Voltage instabilities subsequent to short circuit recoveries,'' Electric Power systems Research, vol.21, pp.9--16, April 1991.

[200] CIGRE TF 38.02.03, ``Improvements of voltage control'', Electra, no. 135, pp. 114-127, Apr. 1991.

[201] C.Concordia, ``Voltage instability,'' Electrical Power and Energy Systems, vol.13, pp.14--20, Feb. 1991.

[202] M. Ilic and A. Stankovic, ``Voltage problems on transmission network subject to unusual power flow patterns'', IEEE Trans. on Power Systems, vol. 6, pp. 339-46, Feb. 1991.

[203] G.B. Jasmon and L.H. C.C. Lee, ``Distribution network reduction for voltage stability analysis and loadflow calculations,'' Electrical Power and Energy Systems, vol.13, pp.9--13, Feb. 1991.

[204] A.Semlyen, B.Gao, and W.Janischewskyj, ``Calculation of the extreme loading condition of a power system for the assessment of voltage stability,'' IEEE Trans. on Power Systems, vol.6, pp.307--315, Feb. 1991.

[205] H.Ohtsuki, A.Yokoyama, and Y.Sekine, ``Reverse action of on-load tap changer in association with voltage collapse,'' IEEE Trans. on Power Systems, vol.6, pp.300--306, Feb. 1991.

[206] R.A. Schlueter, I-P. Hu, M.W. Chang, J.C. Lo, and A.Costi, ``Methods for determining proximity to voltage collapse,'' IEEE Trans. on Power Systems, vol.6, pp.285--292, Feb. 1991.

[207] T.V. Cutsem, ``A method to compute reactive power margins with respect to voltage collapse,'' IEEE Trans. on Power Systems, vol.6, pp.145--156, Feb. 1991.

[208] S. Koishikawa, S. Ohsaka, M. Suzuki, T. Michigami and M. Akimoto, ``Adaptive control of reactive power supply enhancing voltage stability of a bulk power transmission system and a new scheme of monitor on voltage security'', CIGRE,
paper 38/39-01, 1990.

[209] W. Mittelstadt, C. Taylor, M. Klinger, J. Mechenbier, J. Luini and J. D. McCalley, `` Voltage instability modeling and solutions as applied to the Pacific Intertie'', CIGRE, 38-208, 1990.

[210] S. Koishikawa, S. Ohsaka, M. Suzuki, T. Michigami and M. Akimoto, ``Advanced control of reactive power supply enhancing voltage stability and a new scheme of monitor on voltage security'', CIGRE, 38/39-01, 1990.

[211] K. W. Edwin, K. M. Graf, B. Kloo, F. Klotzbucker, J. Stark and F. Selmayr, ``Voltage-VAR control under normal operation and in emergencies'', CIGRE, 38/39-05, 1990.

[212] H. Glavitsch, H. P. Asal and G. Schaffer, ``Experiences and new concepts in reactive power and voltage control in interconnected power systems'', CIGRE, 38/39-08, 1990.

[213] J. P. Paul, C. Corroyer, J. Jeannel, J. M. Tesseron, F. Maury, and A. Torra, ``Improvements in the organization of secondary voltage control in France'', CIGRE, paper 38/39-03, 1990.

[214] K.T. Vu and C.C. Liu, ``Dynamic mechanisms of voltage collapse,'' Systems and Control Letters, vol.15, pp.329--338, Nov. 1990.

[215] P.W. Sauer and M.A. Pai, ``Power system steady-state stability and the load-flow Jacobian'', IEEE Trans. on Power Systems, vol. 5, pp. 1374-81, Nov. 1990.

[216] M.M. Begovic and A.G. Phadke, ``Dynamic simulation of voltage collapse,'' IEEE Trans. on Power Systems, vol.5, pp.1529--1534, Nov. 1990.

[217] R.K. Gupta, Z.A. Alaywanz, R.B. Stuart, and T.A. Reece, ``Steady state voltage instability operations perspective,'' IEEE Trans. on Power Systems, vol.5, pp.1345--1354, Nov. 1990.

[218] N.Flatabo, R.Ognedal, and T.Carlsen, ``Voltage stability condition in a power transmission system calculated by sensitivity methods,'' IEEE Trans. on Power Systems, vol.5, pp.1286--1293, Nov 1990.

[219] I.Dobson and H.D. Chiang, ``Towards a theory of voltage collapse in electric power systems,'' Systems and Control Letters, vol.13, pp. 253--262, Sep. 1990.

[220] G. Paula, ``Utilities work to prevent voltage collapse'', Electrical World, vol. 204, pp. 43-4, May 1990.

[221] J.C. Chow, R.Fischl, and H.Yan, ``On the evaluation of voltage collapse criteria,'' IEEE Trans. on Power Systems, vol.5, pp.612--620, May 1990.

[222] H.D. Chiang, I.Dobson, R.J. Thomas, J.S. Thorp, and L.Fekih-Ahmed, ``On voltage collapse in electric power systems,'' IEEE Trans. on Power Systems, vol.5, pp.601--611, May 1990.

[223] C.L. De{Marco and T.J. Overbye, ``Energy based security measure for assessing vulnerability to voltage collapse,'' IEEE Trans. on Power Systems, vol.5, pp.419--427, May 1990.

[224] O.O. Obadina and G.J. Berg, ``Identifying electrically weak and strong segments of a power system from a voltage stability viewpoint,'' IEEE Proceedings of Part C., vol.137, pp.205--212, May 1990.

[225] Y. Sekine and H. Ohtsuki, ``Cascaded voltage collapse'', IEEE Trans. on Power Systems, vol. 5, pp. 250-6, Feb. 1990.

[226] M.M. Begovic and A.G. Phadke, ``Voltage stability assessment through measurement of a reduced state vector,'' IEEE Trans. on Power Systems, vol.5, pp.198--203, Feb. 1990.

[227] M. Brucoli, M. Scala, F. Toulli, and M. Travata, ``A semi-dynamic approach to the voltage stability analysis of interconnected power networks with random loads'', Electrical Power and Energy Systems, vol. 12, no. 1, pp. 9-16, Jan. 1990.

[228] M.A. Pai and M.G. O'{Grady, ``Voltage collapse analysis with reactive generations and voltage dependent load constraints,'' Electric Machines and Power Systems, vol.17, no.6, pp.379--390, 1989.

[229] C.S. Indulkar, B.Viswanathan, and S.S. Venkata, ``Maximum power transfer limited by voltage stability in series and shunt compensated schemes for A.C. transmission systems,'' IEEE Trans. on Power Delivery, vol.4, pp.1246--1252, Nov.
1989.

[230] M.Z. El-Sadek and F.N. Abdelbarr, ``Effects of induction motor load in provoking transient voltage instabilities in power systems,'' Electric Power Systems Research, vol.17, pp.119--127, Sep. 1989.

[231] A. E. Hammad and M. Z. El-Sadek, ``Prevention of transient voltage instabilities due to induction motor loads by static VAR compensators,'' IEEE Trans. on Power Systems, vol. 4, no. 3, pp. 1182--1190, Aug. 1989

[232] G.Brownell and H.K. Clark, ``Analysis and solutions for bulk system voltage instability,'' IEEE Computer Applications in Power, pp.31--35, July 1989.

[233] O.O. Obadina and G.J. Berg, ``VAR planning for power system security,'' IEEE Trans. on Power Systems, vol.4, pp.677--686, May 1989.

[234] C.C. Liu and K.T. Vu, ``Analysis of tap-changer dynamics and construction of voltage stability regions,'' IEEE Trans. on Circuits and Systems, vol.36, pp.575--590, April 1989.

[235] J. Reason, ``Voltage security: the hidden threat to transmission networks'', Electrical World, vol. 203, pp. 51-3, Apr. 1989.

[236] T.A.M. Sharaf and G. J. Berg, ``Probabilistic voltage assessment and VAR compensation'', Electrical Machines and Power Systems, vol. 14, no. 5. pp. 329-338, 1988.

[237] W. B. Jervis, J. G. P. Scott and H. Griffiths, ``Future application of reactive compensation plant on the CEGB system to improve transmission network capability'', CIGRE, 38-06, 1988.

[238] H. Glavitsch, G. Schaffer and H. Ungrad, ``Guidelines and means for power system operation during emergencies'', CIGRE, 39-11, 1988.

[239] F.J. Mercede, J.C. Chow, H.H. Yan, and R.Fischl, ``Framework to predict voltage collapse in power systems,'' IEEE Trans. on Power Systems, vol.3, pp.1807--1813, Nov. 1988.

[240] K. T. Vu and C. Liu, ``Analysis of dynamic voltage collapse mechanism for a three-bus power system'', Systems & Control Letters, vol. 11, no. 5, pp. 399-407, Nov. 1988.

[241] O.O. Obadina and G.J. Berg, ``Determination of voltage stability limit in multimachine power systems,'' IEEE Trans. on Power Systems, vol.3, pp.1545--1554, Nov. 1988.

[242] A.Tiranuchit, L.M. Ewerbring, R.A. Duryea, R.J. Thomas, and F.T. Luk, ``Towards a computationally feasible on-line voltage instability index,'' IEEE Trans. on Power Systems, vol.3, pp.669--675, May 1988.

[243] A. Canepa, B. Delfino, M. Invernizzi, and P. Pinceti, ``Voltage regulation via automatic load tap changing transformers: evaluation of voltage stability conditions'', Electric Power Systems Research, vol. 13, vol. 2, pp. 99-107, Oct. 1987.

[244] P. Modlitba, P. Pavlinec, V. Vyskocil and V. Kalvourek, ``Analytical method for evaluating power system transfer capability with regard to voltage stability'', CIGRE, 38-06, 1986.

[245] N. Flatabo, A. Johannesen, A. Maeland, T. Carlsen and L. Holten, ``The influence of reactive power reserve allocation on power transmission capability. A study carried out on the Norwegian high voltage grid'', CIGRE, 38-14, 1986.

[246] H.G. Kwanti, A.K. Pasrija, and L.Y. Bahar, ``Static bifurcations in electric power networks: Loss of steady-state stability and voltage collapse,'' IEEE Trans. on Circuits and Systems, vol.CAS-33, pp.981--991, Oct. 1986.

[247] A. Calvaer, ``Voltage stability and collapse: a simple theory based on real and reactive currents,'' Review Generale de l'electricite, no. 7, pp 1--17, Sep. 1986.

[248] P.Kessel and H.Glavitsch, ``Estimating the voltage stability of a power system,'' IEEE Trans. on Power Delivery, vol.1, pp.346--354, July 1986.

[249] B.T. Ooi, ``Feasibility, stability, and voltage collapse in weak back-to-back HVDC links,'' IEEE Trans. on Power Delivery, vol.1, pp.211--217, July 1986.

[250] J. Thorp, P. Schulz, and M. Ilic-spong, ``Reactive power-voltage problems: conditions for the existence of solution and localized disturbance propagation'', Electrical Power and Energy Systems, vol. 8, no. 2, pp. 65-74, Apr. 1986.

[251] M.Brucoli, M.L. Scala, and F.Torelli, ``Probabilistic approach to the voltage stability analysis of interconnected power systems,'' Electric Power Systems Research, vol.10, pp.157--166, March 1986.

[252] A.E. Hammad and W.Kuhn, ``A computation algorithm for assessing voltage stability at AC/DC interconnections,'' IEEE Trans. on Power Systems, vol.1, pp.209--216, Feb. 1986.

[253] M. Brucoli, F. torelli, M. Trovato, G. Carpinelli, and F. Rorsi, ``Voltage stability analysis in electric power systems by nonlinear programming,'' Electrical Machines and Power Systems, vol. 10, no. 4, pp. 403-416, 1985.

[254] J. Zaborszky, G. Huang and S. Y. Lin, ``Control of reactive power and voltages in emergencies'', Automatica, vol. 21, no. 3, pp. 237-246, 1985.

[255] M.Brucoli, F.Torelli, M.Trovato, G.Carpinelli, and F.Rossi, `` Voltage stability analysis of electric power systems by nonlinear programming,'' Electric Machines and Power Systems, vol.10, no.5, pp.403--416, 1985.

[256] W. R. Lachs, ``Dynamic study of an extreme system reactive deficit,'' IEEE Trans. on Power Apparatus and Systems, vol PAS-104, no9, pp.2420--2426, Sep. 1985.

[257] C.C. Liu and F.F. Wu, ``Steady state voltage stability regions of power systems,'' Systems and Control Letters, vol.6, pp.23--31, June 1985.

[258] P. Borremanr, A. Calvaer, J. P. de Reuck, J. G. Goorrens, E. Van Geert, J. Van Aecke and A. Van Ranst, ``Voltage stability-Fundamental concepts and comparison of practical criteria'', CIGRE, 38-11, 1984.

[259] J. Carpentier, et al., ``Voltage collapse proximity indicators computed from an optimal power flow,'' 8th Power System Computing Conference, Helsinki, 1984, pp. 671--678.

[260] G.B. Price, ``A generalized circle diagram approach for global analysis of transmission system performance,'' IEEE Trans. on Power Apparatus and Systems, vol.PAS-103, pp.2881--2890, Oct. 1984.

[261] H.K. Clark, ``Voltage support in heavily loaded EHV systems,'' PTI News Letter, pp.1--2, April 1984. Issue 37.

[262] N.D. Reppen and B.P. Lam, ``Predicting the risk of voltage collapse,'' PTI News Letter, pp.3--4, April 1984. Issue 37.

[263] C.S. Indulkar and B.Viswanathan, ``Voltage stability of EHV lines with series compensation; evaluation taking into consideration uncertainty of load parameters,'' IEEE Trans. on Power Apparatus and Systems, pp.2317--2322, 1983.

[264] R. E. Palmer, R. C. Burchett and H. H. Happ, ``Reactive power dispatching for power system voltage security'', IEEE Trans. on Power Apparatus and Systems, vol. 102, pp. 3905-9, Dec. 1983.

[265] J.M. Undril, ``Voltage collapse,'' PTI News Letter, pp.1--2, Oct. 1983. Issue 35.

[266] Y.Tamura, H.Mori, and S.Iwamoto, ``Relationship between voltage instability and multiple load flow solutions in electric power systems,'' IEEE Trans. on Power Apparatus and Systems, vol.PAS-102, pp.1115 --1123, May 1983.

[267] S. Abe and A. Isono, ``Determination of power system voltage stability Part 3: Dynamical approach'', Electrical Engineering in Japan, vol. 3, pp. 1019-1022, May 1983.

[268] S.Abe, Y.Kukunaga, A.Isono, and B.Kondo, ``Power system voltage stability,'' IEEE Trans. on Power Apparatus and Systems, vol.PAS-101, pp.3830--3840, Oct. 1982.

[269] A. Araposthatis, S. Sastry, and P. Varaiya, ``Analysis of power-flow equation'', Electrical Power and Energy Systems, vol. 3, no. 3, pp. 115-126, July 1981.

[270] J. Jarjis and F. D. Galiana, ``Quantitative analysis of steady-state stability in power networks'', IEEE Trans. on PAS, vol. PAS-100, no. 1, pp. 318-326, Jan. 1981.

[271] C. Barbier and J. P. Barret, ``Analysis of phenomena of voltage collapse on a transmission systems,'' Review Generale de l'electricite, vol. 89, pp. 672--690, Oct. 1980.

[272] S.Abe, N.Hamada, A.Isono, and K.Okudo, ``Load flow convergence in the vicinity of a voltage instability limit,'' IEEE Trans. On Power Apparatus and Systems, vol.PAS-97, pp.1983--1993, Nov/Dec 1978.

[273] A.Capasso and E.Mariani, ``Influence of generator capability curves representation on system voltage and reactive power control studies,'' IEEE Trans. on Power Apparatus and Systems, vol.PAS-97, pp.1036--1041, July/Aug. 1978.

[274] T. Nagao, ``Voltage collapse at load ends of power systems'', Electrical Engineering in Japan, vol. 95, no. 4, pp. 62-70, 1975.

[275] V.A. Venikov, V.A. Stroev, V.I. Idelchick, and V.I. Tarasov, ``Estimation of electric power system steady-state stability in load flow calculation,'' IEEE Trans. on Power Apparatus and Systems, vol.PAS-94, pp.1034 -- 1041, May/June 1975.

[276] B.M. Weedy and B.R. Cox, ``Voltage stability of radial power links,'' Proc. IEEE, vol.115, pp.528--536, April 1968.

Group 5: Papers describing power system failures related to voltage problems
[277] R. D'Aquila, N.W. Miller, K.M. Jimma, M.T. Sheehan, and G.L. Comegys, ``Voltage stability of the Puget Sound system under abnormally cold weather conditions,'' IEEE Trans. on Power Systems, vol.8, pp.1133--1142, Aug. 1993.

[278] C. Counan, M. Trotignon, E. Corridi, G. Bortoni, M. Stubbe, and J. Deuse, ``Major incidents on the French electric system-- Potentiality and curative measures,'' IEEE Trans. on Power Systems, vol.8, pp.879--886, Aug. 1993.

[279] H.M. Shuh and J.R. Cowan, ``Undervoltage load shedding an ultimate application for voltage collapse,'' in Georgia Institute of Tech. 46th Annual Protective Relaying Conference, April 29--May 1 1992.

[280] M.E. Rahman and M.D. Higgins, ``Reactive power planning and its impact--An actual case history,'' in Proceedings of the American Power Conference, vol.53, pp.907--911, 1991.

[281] Y. Harmand, M. Trotignon, J. F. Lesigne, J. M. Tesseron, C. Lemaitre and F. Bourgin, ``Analysis of a voltage collapse incident and proposal for a time-based heirarchial containment scheme'', CIGRE, 38/39-02, 1990.

[282] G.C. Bullock, ``Cascading voltage collapse in west Tennessee, August 22, 1987,'' in Georgia Institute of Tech. 44th Annual Protective Relaying Conference, May 2--4 1990.

[283] M. G. Dweek, ``Post-fault voltage recovery and automatic tap changer interaction'', CIGRE, Gr. 38, pp. 13-16, 1988.

[284] A.Kurita and T.Sakurai, ``The power system failure on {July 23, 1987 in Tokyo,'' in Proceedings of the 27th Conference on Decision and Control, Dec. 1988.

[285] K. Walve, ``Modeling of power system components at severe disturbances,'' CIGRE, 38-18, 1986

[286] A.Cheimanoff and C.Curroyer, ``The power failure of {December 19, 1978,'' Revue Generale de l'electricite, vol.89, pp.280--320, April 1980.

Group 6: Papers related to voltage security
[287] P.Nedwick, A.F. Mistr, and E.B. Croasdale, ``Reactive management: A key to survival in the 1990s,'' IEEE Trans. on Power Systems, vol. 10, no. 2, pp. 1036-43, May 1995.

[288] S. K. Tso, T. X. Zhu, and Q. Y. Zeng, ``Fuzzy-set approach to dynamic voltage security assessment'', IEEE Proceedings, Generation, Transmission, and Distribution, vol. 142, pp. 190-4, Mar. 1995.

[289] C.A. Castro and A.Bose, ``Correctability of voltage violations in on-line contingency analysis,'' IEEE Trans. on Power Systems, vol. 9, pp. 1651-1657, Aug. 1994.

[290] N.Hadjsaid, J.Fandino, Q.T. Tran, and J.C. S.G. Nerin, ``Adaptive correction for voltage security analysis using a local approach solution,'' IEEE Trans. on Power Systems, vol.9, pp.660--667, May 1994.

[291] M.M. Adibi and D.P. Milanicz, ``Reactive capability limitation of synchronous machines,'' IEEE Trans. on Power Systems, vol.9, pp. 29-35, Feb. 1994.

[292] Y.Y. Hong, C.M. Liao, and T.G. Lu, ``Application of Newton optimal power flow to assessment of VAR control sequences on voltage security: case studies for a practical power system,'' IEEE Proceedings of Part C., vol.140, pp.539--
544, Nov. 1993.

[293] J. C. Chow, Q. Zhu, and R. Fischl, ``Design of a decision fusion rule for power system security assessment'', IEEE Trans. on Power Systems, vol. 8, pp. 858-64, Aug. 1993.

[294] N.Martins, N.J. Macedo, L.T.G. Lima, and H.J. C.P. Pinto, ``Control strategies for multiple static VAR compensators in long distance voltage supported transmission systems,'' IEEE Trans. on Power Systems, vol.8, pp.1107--1117, Aug. 1993.

[295] R.Yokoyama, T.Nimura, and Y.Nakanishi, ``A coordinated control of voltage and reactive power by heuristic modeling and approximate reasoning,'' IEEE Trans. on Power Systems, vol.8, pp.636--642, May 1993.

[296] J.W. Cote and C.C. Liu, ``Voltage security assessment using generalized operational planning knowledge,'' IEEE Trans. on Power Systems, vol.8, pp.28--34, Feb. 1993.

[297] T.V. Cutsem, L.Wehenkel, M.Pavella, B.Hellbornn, and M.Goubln, ``Decision tree approaches to voltage security assessment,'' IEEE Proceedings of Part C., vol.140, pp.189--198, May 1993.

[298] N.Hadjsaid, M.Benahmed, J.Fandino, J.C. Sabonnadiere, and G.Nerin, ``Fast contingency screening for voltage- reactive considerations in security analysis,'' IEEE Trans. on Power Systems, vol.8, pp.144--151, Feb. 1993.

[299] L.M.F. Barruncho, J.P.S. Paiva, C.C. Liu, R.Pestana, and A.Vidigal, ``Reactive measurement and voltage monitoring and control,'' Electric Power and Energy Systems, vol.14, no.2, pp.144--157, 1992.

[300] C.J. Bridenbaugh, D.A. Mascio, and R. D'Aquila, ``Voltage control improvement through capacitor and transformer tap optimization,'' IEEE Trans. on Power Systems, vol.7, pp.222--227, Feb. 1992.

[301] M.Suzuki, S.Wada, M.Sato, T.Asano, and Y.Kudo, ``Newly developed voltage security monitoring system,'' IEEE Trans. on Power Systems, vol.7, pp.287--293, Aug. 1992.

[302] L.D.B. Terra and M.J. Short, ``Security-constrained reactive power dispatch,'' IEEE Trans. on Power Systems, vol.6, pp.109--117, May 1991.

[303] Y.Chen and A.Bose, ``Security analysis for voltage problems using a reduced model,'' IEEE Trans. on Power Systems, vol.5, pp.933--940, Aug. 1990.

[304] S.J. Balser and H.K. Clark, ``Long-term disturbance monitoring for improved system analysis,'' IEEE Computer Applications in Power, pp.33--36, 1989.

[305] E.Vaahedi and H.M.Z. El-{Din, ``Considerations in applying optimal power flow to power system operation,'' IEEE Trans. on Power Systems, vol.4, pp.694--703, May 1989.

[306] G.C. Ejebe, H.P.V. Meeteren, and B.F. Wollenberg, ``Fast contingency screening and evaluation for voltage security analysis,'' IEEE Trans. on Power Systems, vol.3, pp.1582--1590, Nov. 1988.

[307] K.Nara, J.Hasegawa, and S.Yamashiro, ``On-line contingency selection algorithm for voltage and overload security analysis,'' Electrical Engineering in Japan, vol.107, pp.60--67, July/Aug. 1987.

[308] K.Nara, K.Tanaka, R.R. Shoults, M.S. Chen, and P.V. Olinda, ``On-line contingency selection algorithm for voltage security analysis,'' IEEE Trans. on Power Apparatus and Systems, vol.PAS-104, pp.847--856, April 1985.

Disclaimer: The above bibliography on voltage stability is accepted by IEEE power society and will appear in IEEE Transactions on power systems. This is copyright material of IEEE.

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